The Unseen Hand of Citizens United in the 2020 ElectionThe 2020 United States presidential election marked a watershed moment in campaign finance and political influence.
The Supreme Court’s landmark 2010 Citizens United v.
FEC ruling had paved the way for unlimited corporate and union spending on political campaigns, and the 2020 cycle saw these outside groups inject unprecedented amounts of money into the electoral process.
One of the most prominent beneficiaries of outside spending was the Republican presidential candidate, Donald Trump.
According to OpenSecrets, a nonpartisan campaign finance watchdog, pro-Trump groups spent over $1.
3 billion on his behalf, while anti-Trump groups spent less than $100 million.
This massive spending imbalance gave Trump a significant advantage in the airwaves and on social media, where outside groups ran ads touting his policies and attacking his opponents.
The impact of outside spending was particularly evident in key battleground states.
In Pennsylvania, for example, pro-Trump super PACs spent over $100 million on advertising, while pro-Biden groups spent less than $20 million.
This spending advantage is widely credited with helping Trump carry the state in the Electoral College.
Critics of the Citizens United ruling argue that it has created a system where the wealthiest individuals and corporations have an outsized influence on elections.
They point out that many outside groups are not required to disclose their donors, making it difficult for the public to know who is funding political campaigns.
Supporters of the ruling, on the other hand, argue that it protects free speech and allows individuals and groups to express their political views without government interference.
They also argue that outside spending can help level the playing field for candidates who may not have the financial resources to compete with well-funded incumbents.
Regardless of one’s view on the Citizens United ruling, it is clear that outside spending played a significant role in the 2020 election.
The unprecedented sums of money poured into the electoral process by these groups have raised serious questions about the future of campaign finance in the United States.
In the wake of the 2020 election, there have been growing calls for reforms to the campaign finance system.
These reforms could include requiring more disclosure of donors, limiting the amount of money that outside groups can spend on political campaigns, or overturning the Citizens United ruling altogether.
As the United States heads towards the 2024 presidential election, it remains to be seen whether any meaningful reforms will be enacted.
However, the impact of outside spending on the 2020 election serves as a stark reminder of the need for transparency and accountability in the campaign finance process.

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